Assisted reproductive technologies include diverse treatments developed and applied for the purpose of overcoming infertility, whose causes may be hormonal or structural (e.g., the absence of a uterus), medical (genetic or other diseases that make it difficult to conceive or to carry a pregnancy to term), or social (single parents or same-sex couples). They include artificial insemination, in-vitro fertilization, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), surrogacy, various medical and hormonal treatments, and more.

• Fetus selection and genetic enhancement.
• Social pressure to conceive, physical harm caused to the woman’s body and psychological burden on parents.
• Commercialization of reproductive cells and organs (sperm, eggs, uterus).
• Surplus embryos (donation for reproduction / donation for research / destruction).
• Undermining the traditional family structure.
• Objectification and exploitation of a woman’s body to realize someone else’s aspiration to be a parent (surrogacy).
• (In)justice – (un)equal access to assisted reproductive technology, in view of high costs and social discrimination (e.g., against same-sex couples).

https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/assisted%20reproductive%20technology

https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/infertility/conditioninfo/treatments/Pages/art.aspx#ART

https://www.thehastingscenter.org/briefingbook/assisted-reproduction/

https://medlineplus.gov/assistedreproductivetechnology.html